Solar activity
Hp30 History
Daily maximum Hp30, the 30-minute geomagnetic index from GFZ Potsdam, on the same steps as Kp but every 30 minutes, and with no ceiling at 9.
Solar Cycle 25, just past its peak
We are currently in Solar Cycle 25, which began in December 2019 and reached its peak (solar maximum) in 2024, one of the most active periods for aurora in over a decade. Activity now declines gradually toward solar minimum, expected around 2030, though the descending years still bring strong storms. The high frequency of Hp30 ≥ 5 events you see in recent history is a direct result of that elevated solar activity.
Source: GFZ Potsdam (Hp30 index) · NOAA Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel
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